Search results for " cross-sectional studies"

showing 10 items of 133 documents

Factors that influence exhaled nitric oxide in Italian schoolchildren

2008

Conflicting results exist about the meaning of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) in epidemiologic studies, mainly because of the numerous factors that may affect the measurement.To evaluate the role of the factors that influence eNO levels in a sample of schoolchildren with or without respiratory diseases. We studied 335 schoolchildren, ages 10 to 16 years, from 8 schools in Palermo, Italy. After a respiratory questionnaire was completed, spirometry, skin tests, and eNO measurements were performed.Among 335 children, 13.7% reported symptoms of bronchial asthma, 46.9% reported symptoms of rhinitis, and 39.4% were asymptomatic. The ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capaci…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineSpirometryHypersensitivity ImmediateMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsVital capacityBreath TestAdolescentImmunologySex FactorNitric OxideAsymptomaticAtopySex FactorsInternal medicineSex Factors; Skin Tests; Exhalation; Humans; Asthma; Rhinitis; Child; Italy; Nitric Oxide; Cross-Sectional Studies; Spirometry; Allergens; Hypersensitivity Immediate; Adolescent; Breath Tests; Female; MalemedicineImmunology and AllergyHumansRespiratory systemChildSensitizationRhinitiAsthmaRhinitisSkin TestsCross-Sectional Studiemedicine.diagnostic_testSkin Testbusiness.industryAllergenAllergensmedicine.diseaseAsthmamedicine.anatomical_structureCross-Sectional StudiesBreath TestsItalyExhalationSpirometryExhaled nitric oxideFemalemedicine.symptombusinessHuman
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Prevalence of unwillingness and uncertainty to vaccinate against COVID-19 in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been shown to have more severe health outcomes in older people specifically in relation to mortality and disability. Vaccination seems to be efficacious and safe for preventing the negative consequences of COVID-19, but vaccine hesitancy seems to be high in older adults. We therefore aimed to investigate the prevalence of unwillingness and the uncertainty to vaccinate against COVID-19 in older people and the factors that can be associated with the unwillingness to vaccinate. For this work, we searched several databases until 18th June 2021 for studies reporting the prevalence of unwillingness and the uncertainty to vaccinate against COVID-19 in pe…

Low incomeAgingCOVID-19 VaccinesCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)ReviewHealth outcomesBiochemistryolder adultvaccinePrevalenceMedicineHumansMolecular Biologyolder adultsAgedbusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2VaccinationUncertaintyCOVID-19Odds ratioConfidence intervalVaccinationCross-Sectional StudiesNeurologyMeta-analysisCOVID-19; hesitancy; older adults; vaccine; Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Prevalence; SARS-CoV-2; Uncertainty; Vaccination; COVID-19; COVID-19 VaccineshesitancyOlder peoplebusinessBiotechnologyDemographyAgeing research reviews
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A multicenter survey on access to care in Multiple Sclerosis-related trigeminal neuralgia

2021

The prevalence of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is higher than in the general population and its management can be particularly challenging due to a number of reasons including high recurrence rates, lack of MS-specific treatment guidelines and uncertainties about pain pathophysiology. Aim of this cross-sectional, multicentre survey was to gather information on the current treatment modalities and options of MS-related TN across 23 Italian MS centres. Initial medical management (carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine) of MS-related TN was fairly homogeneous throughout Italian centres. The most commonly available surgical procedure was microvascular decompression…

medicine.medical_specialtyMultiple Sclerosismultiple sclerosis; trigeminal neuralgiaCross-sectional studymedicine.medical_treatmentPopulationMicrovascular decompressionHealth Services Accessibility03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRetrospective StudieTrigeminal neuralgiaMultiple SclerosimedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineIntensive care medicineeducationOxcarbazepineRetrospective StudiesCross-Sectional Studieeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisRetrospective cohort studyTrigeminal Neuralgiamedicine.diseaseCross-Sectional StudiesTreatment OutcomeItalyNeurologyMulticenter surveyNeurology (clinical)businessMultiple Sclerosis; Trigeminal neuralgia; Cross-Sectional Studies; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Italy; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Multiple Sclerosis; Trigeminal NeuralgiaTrigeminal neuralgia030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHumanmedicine.drugJournal of the Neurological Sciences
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Dietary acrylamide and physical performance tests: A cross-sectional analysis

2021

Background Dietary acrylamide is found in certain foods, such as deep frying, baking and roasting, and is associated with higher inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters. The association between dietary acrylamide and physical performance has not yet been explored. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between dietary acrylamide intake and physical performance tests in a large cohort of North American individuals affected by knee osteoarthritis or at high risk for this condition. Methods Dietary acrylamide intake was obtained through a food frequency questionnaire and reported in quartiles and as an increase in deciles. Physical performance was explored using the 20-…

EpidemiologyCross-sectional studyKneeschemistry.chemical_compoundMathematical and Statistical TechniquesSkeletal JointsMedicine and Health SciencesMedicineMusculoskeletal SystemImmune ResponseAcrylamideMultidisciplinaryCancer Risk FactorsStatisticsQConfoundingRMiddle AgedOncologyQuartileAcrylamidePhysical SciencesLegsRegression AnalysisMedicineAnatomyResearch ArticleAdultScienceImmunologyAdult; Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Middle Aged; AcrylamideLinear Regression AnalysisResearch and Analysis MethodsSigns and SymptomsRheumatologyEnvironmental healthOsteoarthritisLinear regressionDietary acrylamideHumansStatistical MethodsRisk factorSkeletonNutritionAgedInflammationbusiness.industryArthritisBiology and Life SciencesCell Biologymedicine.diseaseDietOxidative StressCross-Sectional StudieschemistryFoodBody LimbsMedical Risk FactorsSarcopeniaClinical MedicinebusinessMathematicsFood contaminant
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Paracetamol and antibiotics in childhood and subsequent development of wheezing/asthma: association or causation?

2011

Background Several studies found an association between early administration of paracetamol and antibiotics and development of wheezing. This could be due to confounding: wheeze and asthmatic symptoms in early childhood are difficult to distinguish from respiratory tract infections that are widely treated with these drugs; in case of persistence of symptoms up to school age, this could explain the observed relationship. Methods We investigated the association between paracetamol and antibiotics use in the first year of life and wheezing phenotypes, i.e. wheezing starting in different time periods (early, persistent and late-onset) in the SIDRIA-2 study, a cross-sectional survey of 16,933 ch…

MalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyLogistic ModelAdolescentEpidemiologyCross-sectional studyRisk AssessmentFollow-Up StudieAge Distributionbias; causality; children; confounding factors; phenotypes; wheezingSurveys and QuestionnairesWheezeAnti-Bacterial AgentOdds RatiomedicineHumansAge of OnsetSex DistributionChildAcetaminophenRespiratory SoundsAsthmaCross-Sectional StudieRespiratory tract infectionsQuestionnairebusiness.industryIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)Infant NewbornInfantGeneral MedicineOdds ratiomedicine.diseaseAsthmaConfidence intervalAnti-Bacterial AgentsCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsRespiratory Sounds; Odds Ratio; Questionnaires; Age of Onset; Humans; Infant Newborn; Asthma; Child; Italy; Risk Assessment; Age Distribution; Infant; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cross-Sectional Studies; Logistic Models; Incidence; Follow-Up Studies; Adolescent; Sex Distribution; Male; Acetaminophen; FemaleItalyFemaleRespiratory Soundmedicine.symptomAge of onsetbusinessHumanFollow-Up StudiesInternational Journal of Epidemiology
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Pregnancy and internet: sociodemographic and geographic differences in e-health practice. Results from an Italian multicenter study

2015

Since the new millennium, the number of e-health users has significantly increased. Among these, a particular category of people who are interested by this phenomenon is the one of pregnant women. The aim of the present study is to assess the sociodemographic and geographic differences existing in a sample of Italian pregnant women who search for information on the web.Multicenter cross-sectional survey.The present study has been conducted from November 2011 to September 2012, in seven Italian cities, located in the North, in the Centre and in the South of Italy. Data were collected through an anonymous questionnaire, administered in waiting rooms of outpatient departments by trained medica…

AdultGerontologymedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentInformation Seeking BehaviorSocio-culturaleSample (statistics)Logistic regressionYoung AdultPregnancySurveys and QuestionnairesmedicineHumansE-Health; Geographic differences; Internet; Italy; Pregnancy; Adolescent; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Geography; Humans; Internet; Italy; Logistic Models; Multivariate Analysis; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Qualitative Research; Socioeconomic Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult; Consumer Health Information; Information Seeking Behavior; Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health; Medicine (all)E-Health; Geographic differences; Internet; Italy; Pregnancy;Qualitative ResearchInternetPregnancyE-Health; Geographic differences; Internet; Italy; Pregnancy; Adolescent; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Geography; Humans; Internet; Italy; Logistic Models; Multivariate Analysis; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Qualitative Research; Socioeconomic Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult; Consumer Health Information; Information Seeking Behavior; Public Health Environmental and Occupational HealthConsumer Health InformationGeographyHealth professionalsbusiness.industryMedicine (all)Geographic differences; Internet; Italy; Pregnancy; e-HealthGeographic differencesEnvironmental and Occupational HealthPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthAmbientaleGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsE-Health; Geographic differences; Internet; Italy; Pregnancy; Public Health Environmental and Occupational HealthItalySocioeconomic FactorsMulticenter studyFamily medicineMultivariate AnalysisE-HealthFemaleResidenceThe InternetPublic HealthPregnant WomenbusinessPublic Health
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Association between food insecurity and fall-related injury among adults aged ≥65 years in low- and middle-income countries: The role of mental healt…

2021

Purpose:\ud \ud We investigated the association between food insecurity and fall-related injury among older adults from six low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and the extent to which this association is mediated by mental health.\ud \ud Methods:\ud \ud Cross-sectional, community-based, nationally representative data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) were analyzed. Past 12-month food insecurity was assessed with two questions on frequency of eating less and hunger due to lack of food. Fall-related injury referred to those that occurred in the past 12 months. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and mediation analysis were conducted to assess association…

MaleAgingHealth (social science)*Low- and middle-income countriesPsychological interventionLogistic regressionFood SupplyOdds03 medical and health sciencesOlder adults.0302 clinical medicineFall-related injuryEnvironmental health*Fall-related injuryPrevalenceHumansMedicine030212 general & internal medicineDeveloping CountriesDepression (differential diagnoses)Aged*Older adults2. Zero hungerLow- and middle-income countries030214 geriatricsFood insecuritybusiness.industry[SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontologyConfoundingCognitionMESH: Accidental Falls Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Developing Countries Female Food Insecurity Food Supply Humans Male Mental Health PrevalenceMental health3. Good healthCross-Sectional StudiesMental HealthLow- and middle-income countrie*Food insecurityOlder adultsAnxietyAccidental FallsFemaleGeriatrics and Gerontologymedicine.symptombusinessGerontologyThe role of mental health conditions.- Archives of gerontology and geriatrics cilt.96 ss.104438 2021 [Smith L. Shin J. I. López-Sánchez G. F. Veronese N. Soysal P. Oh H. Grabovac I. Barnett Y. Jacob L. Koyanagi A. -Association between food insecurity and fall-related injury among adults aged ≥65 years in low- and middle-income countries]
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Stress in Medical Students: PRIMES, an Italian, Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

2022

Medical students (MSs) are healthcare workers and must also cope with education-related stressors. This study aims to assess factors associated with perceived stress in Italian MSs. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 12 Italian medical schools (MSCs) in November 2018. A questionnaire assessed socio-demographic characteristics, habits, opinions about MSC, and concerns about the future. Stress was assessed with the PSS-10. Descriptive and univariable tests were performed. A linear model was fitted to find associations of the PSS-10 score with characteristics. There were 2513 collected questionnaires. Median PSS-10 score was 18 (IQR 11). Median age was 22 (IQR 4) and 61% of the sample wa…

AdultStudents MedicalschoolHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesiscross-sectional studiesStressmedicalpsychological distrecross-sectional studies; medical; medical; psychological; psychological distress; schools; stress; studentsYoung Adultpsychological distressstreSurveys and QuestionnairesAdaptation Psychologicalcross-sectional studies; medical; psychological; psychological distress; schools; stress; students; Adaptation Psychological; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Schools Medical; Stress Psychological; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult; Students MedicalHumansAdaptationSchools MedicalSchoolsstudentscross-sectional studies medical psychological psychological distress schools stress studentsPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthpsychological distress; stress; psychological; schools; medical; students; medical; cross-sectional studiescross-sectional studiePsychologicalFemaleStress PsychologicalInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Feasibility of the Allergy Questionnaire for Athletes (AQUA © ) in pediatric age

2018

A burden of respiratory and allergic symptoms up to almost 60% has been observed in young and adult athletes, influencing physical performances1 . The Allergy Questionnaire for Athletes (AQUA©) is a validated screening tool for the prediction of the atopic status in adult athletes2 ; it was recently tested in Belgian young elite athletes (12-14 years old)3 , but its actual feasibility and suitability for children and adolescent was not evaluated. Indeed, there is evidence that children are prone to employ "satisficing" response strategies, answering every question positively/negatively, or simply not answering4 . Therefore, the present cross-sectional survey was carried out to assess feasib…

medicine.medical_specialtyAllergyCross-sectional studyself-reports.ImmunologyMEDLINEAtopy03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineImmunology and Allergy030212 general & internal medicineAsthmayoung athletesSettore M-EDF/02 - Metodi E Didattiche Delle Attivita' SportivebiologyAthletesbusiness.industrySettore MED/09 - MEDICINA INTERNAAQUA© questionnaireAdolescent; Athletes; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Feasibility Studies; Female; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Male; Sports; Surveys and Questionnaires; Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health; Immunology and Allergy; ImmunologyPediatric ageself-reportsmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classification030228 respiratory systemFamily medicinePediatrics Perinatology and Child Healthallergy symptoms AQUA© questionnaire feasibility linguistic adaptation young athletes missing answers self-reports.businessSettore M-EDF/01 - Metodi E Didattiche Delle Attivita' Motorieallergy symptomsfeasibilityPediatric Allergy and Immunology
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Familiar history and predictive risk factors to type 2 diabetes: a cross sectional study in young Sicilian subjects of both sexes.

2006

Aim. For many industrialised populations, family history to type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor to the development of illness, inducing early anthropometric and metabolic modifications. Aim of this study was to confirm in Sicilian population the influence of family history to type 2 DM on anthropometric data and basal blood pressure, considering the different degrees of familiar history to illness. Methods. In a cohort of 680 young healthy Sicilian subjects (278 men and 402 women) we analysed the relations of family history degree of DM on anthropometric data, such as body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio (WHR) and triceps skinfold. Degree of family history of DM was defined as …

AdultMaleAdolescentWaist-Hip RatioAdolescent Adult Body Mass Index Cross-Sectional Studies Diabetes Mellitus Type 2/etiology Diabetes Mellitus Type 2/genetics Female Humans Male Middle Aged Obesity/complications Risk Factors Sicily Waist-Hip RatioMiddle AgedSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaBody Mass IndexCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Risk FactorsHumansFemaleObesitySicily
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